In the last century with the development of construction technologies, many that seemed insurmountable before the river, sea or valley mankind has yet to overcome, built with a lot of beautiful bridges. This article contains the best bridges built people. It is both ancient and new bridges, as nearly finished, and are still in the stage of the project.
Most Millou
Towering almost 350 meters above the valley of the tarn in the South of France, is the largest suspension bridge in the world. Passing on this architectural wonder, it seems that flies. On the creation of the bridge, which is higher than the Eiffel Tower, took three years - Millou opened in December 2004. But to enjoy the picturesque scenery of the valley with such stunning heights - the lot is not for the faint of heart. Platform holds Millou 7 bearings and weighs about 36000 tons.
The new bridge over the Strait of Fehmarn Belt
19-mile engineering marvel will be built approximately 2018 and to cancel the expensive ferry service between the German island of Fehmarn and the Danish island of Lolland. According to calculations, the construction of this bridge should cost as much as 2.2 billion dollars. Fehmarn Belt bridge will consist of three cable-stayed bridge, whose length should be around 725 meters, to keep them there will be four huge pillars, each 279 meters tall. The principal opponents of the construction of this giant steel environmentalists, convinced that he could harm local wildlife.
Gateshead 'Millennium Bridge'
Key architectural award went to Britain's simple, elegant and unique construction, costing the renowned builders of innovative bridges in 44 million dollars. Open to the public in 2001, the bridge is constructed of two arches, one of which is the actual bridge, and the second is the mainstay; arches have a common point of rotation. Bridge raised to let ships pass, - it is this rotational movement and turns the whole structure into a single arch, which reminds slowly raised and lowered eyelid huge eyes. "Eye" consists of two parallel decks, differing in height and separated by a broken wall panels: one is designed for pedestrians, the other - for cyclists. Along the walkway there are seats for those who want a little longer to admire the river views.
The bridge across the Bering Strait
This project would connect Asia, Africa and Europe to North and South America. Bridge construction will start from the easternmost point of Asia - Cape Dezhnev and hold up to the most western point of North America - Cape Prince of Wales, connecting the Arctic Ocean (Chukchi Sea) with the Pacific Ocean (Bering Sea). However, a severe Arctic climate in every way hinders the construction of such a project.
Most "Erasmus" in Rotterdam
Behind him a long time stuck the nickname "The Swan", derived from the shape of pillars supporting the bridge. In the "Erasmus" together two structures: an unusual pillar-stayed bridge and the longest in the world 82-meter drawbridge. This Erasmus Bridge is the third-largest cable in the world. Since 1996, open to traffic by the Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands, the bridge in the future even finish building because of detected problems in the design. Building "Erasmus", in the 900 meters in length and weighing 6800 tons, cost the government $ 110 million.
Ponte Vecchio in Florence
This is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Italy and the most popular way across the Arno. Ponte Vecchio - the oldest stone bridge in the world. When the Romans, however, the bridge was made of wood, but after the floods in 1333, after 12 years it was rebuilt in stone. Initially, the bridge filled tanners, and butchers, greengrocer, but at the end of the XVI century, under a special decree, there dwelt a jeweler who Ponte Vecchio is famous today. To this day, this great bridge in Florence, just collapsing on the severity of his treasures.
Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco
Suspension bridge across the Golden Gate Strait. It connects the city of San Francisco in the north of the peninsula of San Francisco and southern Marin County, near the suburb of Sausalito. Golden Gate Bridge was the largest suspension bridge in the world since opening in 1937 until 1964. Length of the bridge - 1970 meters, the length of main span - 1280, the height of towers - 230 feet above the water. The height from the roadway to the surface of water - 67 meters. Golden Gate Bridge "is also notorious as a place of suicide. On average, every two weeks someone they parted ways with the world. For more than seven decades of existence, according to unofficial data, more than 1300 people to end their lives by throwing him into the water. At the same time, there are 26 lucky survivors at 4-second fall.
Tower Bridge in London
Drawbridge in central London is located above the River Thames near the Tower of London. Designed by Horace Jones and Barry Wolf, he became one of the most important landmarks in London. The bridge is 244 meters with two set for the foundations of the towers 65 meters high. The central span between the towers, 61 meters long, divided into two lifting wings, to allow a ship can be raised at an angle 83 degrees. Each of the more than tysyachetonnyh wings equipped with a counterweight, allowing to separate the bridge for one minute. Tower marvel of architecture built 8 years until 1894.
Öresund Bridge
Opened in 2000, connecting Denmark and Sweden. Length of the bridge reaches 7620 meters, and height - 204 meters. Strictly speaking, this is not a bridge, and the whole system: a bridge-tunnel-bridge. The total weight of the bridge-tunnel in the 82000 tons could hold about 60,000 cars, buses or trains. Drive through Öresund not exactly cheap (about 53 dollars per car), even despite the incentives for private travelers.
TSYN Ma Bridge in Hong Kong
One of the six longest - 2.2 miles - suspension bridge in the world, providing both backbone and rail links, is part of the infrastructure of Hong Kong International Airport and one of the most famous local landmarks. Construction TSYN Ma at a cost of $ 900 million, after 5 years of work, the bridge opened in 1997. 49000 tons of steel went to the construction of the platform, while at each tower 205 meters high it took 65,000 tons of concrete. TSYN Ma Bridge - one of the main attractions of Hong Kong, it looks especially beautiful at night illumination.
Harbor Bridge in Sydney
In 2007 it celebrated its 75 th anniversary. The span of his sole arch, which rises above the water at 150 meters, is 550 meters. Road bridge deck length of 1000 meters is situated at a height of 55 meters. In the center he was suspended from the arch, and then continues to the two coastal stone pillars height of 100 meters each. The width of the bridge - 49 meters. Total weight - 52800 tons. Harbor Bridge also has a nickname - "hanger" because of its arched shape. Also, he was lucky with the neighborhood - on the background of the bridge you can make stunning scenery with the nearby opera houses. For the appearance of the offspring into the world had to demolish about 800 homes, spend 12 million dollars, and 1,500 workers were working on it for 8 years.
Macau Bridge
This project has already received nearly a "green light". So soon expect a bridge which will link Macau, Hong Kong and mainland China. 29-kilometer bridge, according to preliminary data, will be built by 2010 and reduce the time of passage between Hong Kong and Macau from 4-5 hours to just 40 minutes. The project also includes construction of two artificial islands of underwater tunnel.
Bosphorus Bridge
Although it is difficult to call the longest or the large bridge in the world, he deserves to take place in the list because it connects the two continents - Europe and Asia. The bridge was completed in 1973, and in 2005 the famous American tennis player Vmnus Williams played a five-minute set with a Turkish player Ipek Senoglu. This was the first contest, played ever between the two continents.
Bridge Coronado in San Diego
Construction of a bridge in San Diego for vehicles ended in 1969, and it cost almost $ 48 million. Maximum height "Coronado" is 60 meters in height, allowing you to pass without much difficulty the ship beneath him. Behind him, as for the Golden Gate in San Francisco, stuck the title of "bridge for suicides. During the period from 1972 to 2000 there were over 200 deaths.
Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge in Japan
The most ambitious of the now existing mostovvysitsya near Osaka. The Japanese once again outdid all and created a real bridge to the future. Construction of the bridge over the Strait of monster Akashi lasted from 1988 to 1998. During this time, builders are fully experienced and frenzied pressure of typhoons, and perfidy of sea currents, and the destructive power of earthquakes, and the treacherous suppleness of the seabed. Its construction took 4.5 billion, but it was worth it - and the two-kilometer span between towers, pillars, each of which - the height of the Eiffel Tower, and steel cables with diameter 1,12 m worth it. Involved in their manufacture of wire enough to 7 times to wrap the Earth at the equator.
The bridge across Hangzhou Bay
Suspension bridge erected at the present time in the Gulf of Hangzhou in east China's coast. Once completed it will connect the cities of Shanghai and Ningbo and will be the second longest trans-oceanic bridge in the world, valued at 1.4 billion dollars. Expect to open it for public use is only next year, as many locals do not see the need to build a bridge of this type. The bridge will be 36 kilometers, the movement will have three lanes in each direction. This will be the second longest bridge after the dam at Lake Ponshartren in Louisiana.
Magdeburg "Water Bridge
918-meter Magdeburg Water Bridge in Germany, completed in October 2003, connects two important channels: channel Elbe - Havel Canal and the Mediterranean, leading to the industrial Ruhr valley. Its construction took 6 years, 733 million dollars, 68000 cubic meters of concrete and 24,000 tons of structural steel
Most Millou
Towering almost 350 meters above the valley of the tarn in the South of France, is the largest suspension bridge in the world. Passing on this architectural wonder, it seems that flies. On the creation of the bridge, which is higher than the Eiffel Tower, took three years - Millou opened in December 2004. But to enjoy the picturesque scenery of the valley with such stunning heights - the lot is not for the faint of heart. Platform holds Millou 7 bearings and weighs about 36000 tons.
The new bridge over the Strait of Fehmarn Belt
19-mile engineering marvel will be built approximately 2018 and to cancel the expensive ferry service between the German island of Fehmarn and the Danish island of Lolland. According to calculations, the construction of this bridge should cost as much as 2.2 billion dollars. Fehmarn Belt bridge will consist of three cable-stayed bridge, whose length should be around 725 meters, to keep them there will be four huge pillars, each 279 meters tall. The principal opponents of the construction of this giant steel environmentalists, convinced that he could harm local wildlife.
Gateshead 'Millennium Bridge'
Key architectural award went to Britain's simple, elegant and unique construction, costing the renowned builders of innovative bridges in 44 million dollars. Open to the public in 2001, the bridge is constructed of two arches, one of which is the actual bridge, and the second is the mainstay; arches have a common point of rotation. Bridge raised to let ships pass, - it is this rotational movement and turns the whole structure into a single arch, which reminds slowly raised and lowered eyelid huge eyes. "Eye" consists of two parallel decks, differing in height and separated by a broken wall panels: one is designed for pedestrians, the other - for cyclists. Along the walkway there are seats for those who want a little longer to admire the river views.
The bridge across the Bering Strait
This project would connect Asia, Africa and Europe to North and South America. Bridge construction will start from the easternmost point of Asia - Cape Dezhnev and hold up to the most western point of North America - Cape Prince of Wales, connecting the Arctic Ocean (Chukchi Sea) with the Pacific Ocean (Bering Sea). However, a severe Arctic climate in every way hinders the construction of such a project.
Most "Erasmus" in Rotterdam
Behind him a long time stuck the nickname "The Swan", derived from the shape of pillars supporting the bridge. In the "Erasmus" together two structures: an unusual pillar-stayed bridge and the longest in the world 82-meter drawbridge. This Erasmus Bridge is the third-largest cable in the world. Since 1996, open to traffic by the Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands, the bridge in the future even finish building because of detected problems in the design. Building "Erasmus", in the 900 meters in length and weighing 6800 tons, cost the government $ 110 million.
Ponte Vecchio in Florence
This is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Italy and the most popular way across the Arno. Ponte Vecchio - the oldest stone bridge in the world. When the Romans, however, the bridge was made of wood, but after the floods in 1333, after 12 years it was rebuilt in stone. Initially, the bridge filled tanners, and butchers, greengrocer, but at the end of the XVI century, under a special decree, there dwelt a jeweler who Ponte Vecchio is famous today. To this day, this great bridge in Florence, just collapsing on the severity of his treasures.
Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco
Suspension bridge across the Golden Gate Strait. It connects the city of San Francisco in the north of the peninsula of San Francisco and southern Marin County, near the suburb of Sausalito. Golden Gate Bridge was the largest suspension bridge in the world since opening in 1937 until 1964. Length of the bridge - 1970 meters, the length of main span - 1280, the height of towers - 230 feet above the water. The height from the roadway to the surface of water - 67 meters. Golden Gate Bridge "is also notorious as a place of suicide. On average, every two weeks someone they parted ways with the world. For more than seven decades of existence, according to unofficial data, more than 1300 people to end their lives by throwing him into the water. At the same time, there are 26 lucky survivors at 4-second fall.
Tower Bridge in London
Drawbridge in central London is located above the River Thames near the Tower of London. Designed by Horace Jones and Barry Wolf, he became one of the most important landmarks in London. The bridge is 244 meters with two set for the foundations of the towers 65 meters high. The central span between the towers, 61 meters long, divided into two lifting wings, to allow a ship can be raised at an angle 83 degrees. Each of the more than tysyachetonnyh wings equipped with a counterweight, allowing to separate the bridge for one minute. Tower marvel of architecture built 8 years until 1894.
Öresund Bridge
Opened in 2000, connecting Denmark and Sweden. Length of the bridge reaches 7620 meters, and height - 204 meters. Strictly speaking, this is not a bridge, and the whole system: a bridge-tunnel-bridge. The total weight of the bridge-tunnel in the 82000 tons could hold about 60,000 cars, buses or trains. Drive through Öresund not exactly cheap (about 53 dollars per car), even despite the incentives for private travelers.
TSYN Ma Bridge in Hong Kong
One of the six longest - 2.2 miles - suspension bridge in the world, providing both backbone and rail links, is part of the infrastructure of Hong Kong International Airport and one of the most famous local landmarks. Construction TSYN Ma at a cost of $ 900 million, after 5 years of work, the bridge opened in 1997. 49000 tons of steel went to the construction of the platform, while at each tower 205 meters high it took 65,000 tons of concrete. TSYN Ma Bridge - one of the main attractions of Hong Kong, it looks especially beautiful at night illumination.
Harbor Bridge in Sydney
In 2007 it celebrated its 75 th anniversary. The span of his sole arch, which rises above the water at 150 meters, is 550 meters. Road bridge deck length of 1000 meters is situated at a height of 55 meters. In the center he was suspended from the arch, and then continues to the two coastal stone pillars height of 100 meters each. The width of the bridge - 49 meters. Total weight - 52800 tons. Harbor Bridge also has a nickname - "hanger" because of its arched shape. Also, he was lucky with the neighborhood - on the background of the bridge you can make stunning scenery with the nearby opera houses. For the appearance of the offspring into the world had to demolish about 800 homes, spend 12 million dollars, and 1,500 workers were working on it for 8 years.
Macau Bridge
This project has already received nearly a "green light". So soon expect a bridge which will link Macau, Hong Kong and mainland China. 29-kilometer bridge, according to preliminary data, will be built by 2010 and reduce the time of passage between Hong Kong and Macau from 4-5 hours to just 40 minutes. The project also includes construction of two artificial islands of underwater tunnel.
Bosphorus Bridge
Although it is difficult to call the longest or the large bridge in the world, he deserves to take place in the list because it connects the two continents - Europe and Asia. The bridge was completed in 1973, and in 2005 the famous American tennis player Vmnus Williams played a five-minute set with a Turkish player Ipek Senoglu. This was the first contest, played ever between the two continents.
Bridge Coronado in San Diego
Construction of a bridge in San Diego for vehicles ended in 1969, and it cost almost $ 48 million. Maximum height "Coronado" is 60 meters in height, allowing you to pass without much difficulty the ship beneath him. Behind him, as for the Golden Gate in San Francisco, stuck the title of "bridge for suicides. During the period from 1972 to 2000 there were over 200 deaths.
Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge in Japan
The most ambitious of the now existing mostovvysitsya near Osaka. The Japanese once again outdid all and created a real bridge to the future. Construction of the bridge over the Strait of monster Akashi lasted from 1988 to 1998. During this time, builders are fully experienced and frenzied pressure of typhoons, and perfidy of sea currents, and the destructive power of earthquakes, and the treacherous suppleness of the seabed. Its construction took 4.5 billion, but it was worth it - and the two-kilometer span between towers, pillars, each of which - the height of the Eiffel Tower, and steel cables with diameter 1,12 m worth it. Involved in their manufacture of wire enough to 7 times to wrap the Earth at the equator.
The bridge across Hangzhou Bay
Suspension bridge erected at the present time in the Gulf of Hangzhou in east China's coast. Once completed it will connect the cities of Shanghai and Ningbo and will be the second longest trans-oceanic bridge in the world, valued at 1.4 billion dollars. Expect to open it for public use is only next year, as many locals do not see the need to build a bridge of this type. The bridge will be 36 kilometers, the movement will have three lanes in each direction. This will be the second longest bridge after the dam at Lake Ponshartren in Louisiana.
Magdeburg "Water Bridge
918-meter Magdeburg Water Bridge in Germany, completed in October 2003, connects two important channels: channel Elbe - Havel Canal and the Mediterranean, leading to the industrial Ruhr valley. Its construction took 6 years, 733 million dollars, 68000 cubic meters of concrete and 24,000 tons of structural steel